Domestic pasta machine

ABSTRACT

This is a domestic rolling machine for homemade pasta with the surface of the rolling rollers formed of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), which has a micro-rough surface that considerably increases adherence thus reducing the number of passes for the sheet of pasta to reduce the thickness of the sheet of pasta from the initial to the final thickness.

We all know how homemade pasta is made.

The dough that is made from durum or bread wheat flour, eggs and water is prepared for processing with the domestic machines formed of a pair of smooth rollers and a pair of cutting rollers.

The longest rolling phase comes after the mixing phase.

After taking pieces of dough and patting them by hand into flat, thick and even sheets, they are introduced between the pair of smooth rollers in the domestic machine, with the maximum opening between the rollers.

To get the right thickness, the opening between the two rollers is reduced with each successive pass of the dough.

The reduction between one pass and the next to reduce the thickness of the pastry, is limited by the adherence of the roller surfaces which must drag the pasta sheet to press it.

Current domestic pasta machines which have been on the market for years now, have steel rolling rollers with a nickel-plated surface.

Nickel plating has a dual purpose, it protects the steel rollers and gives a longer lasting attractive appearance.

The problem with a nickel-plated surface is that it is smooth and compact and offers little adherence.

This means that numerous different passes are needed between the original thickness of the pasta sheet to the final required thickness.

This poor adherence is worsened further when dry flour has to be sprinkled over the pasta if it is too damp.

This means that the shiny nickel-plated surfaces offer no adherence whatever, and the pasta has to be pushed by hand into the two rollers.

The idea had been considered to roughen the nickel-plated surface to make it more adherent, by satinising for example, but, as food products are involved, this is not possible because too much nickel would be given off into the pastry, which, being a heavy metal, is considered as harmful.

The aim of the patent is to overcome these problems by improving surface adherence of the rollers without any release of metal particles.

This aim has been reached by using aluminium rollers with anodised surfaces, exploiting the microporous feature of the surface which increases adherence and hardens the surface of the aluminium, which by nature is soft, and creates very long-lasting surfaces.

In fact the feature of this patent is the excellent surface adherence given by the microporous surface layer, in the form of evenly distributed microscopic raisings and grooves.

The anodising process improves the microporosity without reducing the hardness and resistance to wear.

In detail, the surface layer of the anodised rollers is formed of alumina (Al₂O₃) which is extremely hard and wear resistant with a microporous surface that creates micro-roughness without releasing any metal particles.

The inventiveness in this patent lies in using the collateral feature of anodising aluminium which ensures hardness and resistance to wear and creates the surface micro-roughness which improves adherence of the rolling rollers on the pasta machines.

The hardness and wear resistance properties in this specific patent are also very advantageous, because the aluminium used for anodising the rollers is of moderate hardness and is not easy to dent and the wear resistance of the surface reduces to virtually zero the release of particles from the surface layer, and even in the event any particles were released, being alumina they are not considered harmful in food preparations.

As previously stated, the anodised alumina used improves adherence on the surface of the processing rollers (rollers and cutters) in aluminium or aluminium alloys, but as alumina is by nature abrasive, it presents a problem for the scraping blades.

The function of the scraper blades is to avoid any pasta remaining on the rollers, and when the metal blades come into contact with the surface of the rollers they create friction.

As we said above, the surface of the rollers is abrasive and tends to wear the edges where the blades come into contact.

As the blades must be flexible to function, either stainless steel or nickel-plated steel are preferably used because they are hard wearing.

As we know, with wear the material begins to detach and this metal material would enter the pasta that is being processed.

Therefore as the surface of the rollers is alumina (hard and abrasive), the answer to avoid the metal particles detaching from the scraper blades is to coat them with a resin film for food use, to clean the rollers removing any pasta deposits and able to gently resist the roughness of the roller surface for a long time.

These two innovations, the first the anodised aluminium surface on the rollers and the second the scraping blades coated with a resin film for food use, revolutionise the long-lasting use of domestic pasta machines, with rollers with nickel-plated surfaces, improving adherence when making the pasta and reducing working time as the number of passes is reduced to reach the final thickness, with no risk of releasing metal particles from the blades that scrape the abrasive surface of the rollers.

Furthermore there is the advantage that as the surface of the rollers are covered with a layer of anodised alumina, no metal particles are released into the pasta, in particular heavy metals like nickel which is harmful in food use.

The above facts are clearly shown by the enclosed drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a rough diagram of a domestic manual pasta machine with two cylindrical rollers for rolling the pasta with the scraper blades adhering to the rollers to remove any pasta that remains attached.

FIG. 2 shows a radial section of an aluminium (or aluminium alloy) roller with thick anodising treatment, to highlight the different growing layers of alumina from the inside towards the surface.

FIG. 3 shows a simple and enlarged diagram of the top part of FIG. 1, which shows that the ends of the blades are angled and resting (preloaded) on the surface of the rollers and are coated.

The figure shows how one roller is mounted on an eccentric shaft which allows adjusting the space between the rollers which is required for passing from the original thickness of the pasta sheet to the final thickness.

The figures give a rough diagram of how normal machines are formed of a base (1), two sides (2) which rise out of the base, the rollers (3), (4), the shafts of which are supported by the sides, the scraper blades (5), (6), coated in synthetic resin (7), (8).

The notched governor is not shown which controls the eccentric shaft (9) on roller (4) to adjust the opening L.

The diagrams show the shaped blades (10), (11) above the rollers which allow introducing the pasta sheet between rollers (3) and (4) for rolling.

On examining the radial section in FIG. 2, the central area (12) of rollers (4), (5), with the base metal being aluminium (or aluminium alloy), is shown by section lines as it is not involved in the anodising treatment, while above the central area there are three layers of stratification, in detail, first layer (13) called barrier layer, which penetrates the base metal with decreasing diffusion and anchors the metal, a second fine transition layer (14) with an increased amount of compact alumina, a third layer (15) which grows in porosity to become extremely porous and uneven on the surface (16), creating micro-roughness and effective adherence.

From this exposition, even if in appearance the machine looks like the normal machines currently on sale, the innovation applied revolutionises the production capacity by increasing surface adherence of the rollers, requiring less passes from an initial thick sheet of pasta to reach the final desired thickness; with the guarantee that the material used for forming the thickness on the surface of the rollers is for hardness and nature a material which, if any material is released into the processed pasta, does not create any undesired or harmful effects.

This patent also covers any possible improvements that experts in the field could construct, based on the teachings of this patent. 

1. Improved domestic pasta machine, distinguished by the fact the rollers have a micro-rough surface formed by a porous layer of aluminum oxide, in the crystalline Al₂O₃ form and as amorphous material.
 2. Improved domestic pasta machine according to claim 1 as the micro-rough surface of the rollers (3), (4), improves adherence of the sheet of pasta during rolling, considerable reducing the thickness of the sheet of pasta with each pass through the rollers.
 3. Improved domestic pasta machine according to claim 1, distinguished by the fact that the surface layer (16) on the rollers (3), (4) is formed of alumina, a wear resistant material, with virtually no release of particles during the pasta processing phases.
 4. Improved domestic pasta machine according to claim 3, distinguished by the fact that should any particles be released from the surface of the rollers during pasta processing, they are not harmful for food use as the material is alumina. 5-6. (canceled)
 7. Improved scraper blades on the rollers on the improved domestic pasta machine, distinguished by the fact they are coated on the scraping ends by wear-resistant resins for food use, to avoid any metal particles being released into the rolled pasta by the pasta machine, when the pasta machine has a pair of rolling rollers (and/or a pair of cutting rollers).
 8. Improved domestic pasta machine according to claim 1, distinguished by the fact that the alumina surface on the rollers (3) (4) is formed by anodizing the aluminum (or aluminum alloy) the rollers are made of.
 9. Improved domestic pasta machine according to claim 3, distinguished by the fact that the alumina surface on the rollers (3) (4) is formed by anodizing the aluminum (or aluminum alloy) the rollers are made of.
 10. Improved domestic pasta machine according to claim 1, distinguished by the fact that the alumina layer obtained by anodizing the aluminum rollers, covers both the cylindrical surface of the rollers and the remaining surfaces, and this layer, besides improving adherence of the cylindrical surface of the rollers, is also a valid protective coating against any sort of external attack during the processing and cleaning phases.
 11. Improved domestic pasta machine according to claim 3, distinguished by the fact that the alumina layer obtained by anodizing the aluminum rollers, covers both the cylindrical surface of the rollers and the remaining surfaces, and this layer, besides improving adherence of the cylindrical surface of the rollers, is also a valid protective coating against any sort of external attack during the processing and cleaning phases.
 12. Improved domestic pasta machine comprising: a base; at least two sides rising from said base; a pair of parallel, metallic cylindrical rollers having roller surfaces and rotatably mounted in said sides; a pair of scraper blades having roller contact end surfaces which engage said roller surfaces; wherein said metallic rollers are formed of aluminum or aluminum alloy and said roller surfaces are anodized.
 13. Improved domestic pasta machine according to claim 12 wherein the anodized roller surfaces are formed of alumina (Al₂O₃).
 14. Improved domestic pasta machine according to claim 13 wherein said anodized rollers further comprise a first barrier layer which anchors the anodizing metal, a second fine transition layer with an increased amount of compact alumina, and third outer layer of porous alumina.
 15. Improved domestic pasta machine according to claim 12 further comprising a coating of a resin film for food use applied to said scraper element roller contact end surfaces. 